Triathlon

El triathlon ṡe un sport multidisciplinae articoà so tre prove, che e ṡe nuoto, ṡiclismo e corsa, in immediata sucessione tramite 'na area de tranṡision dove poterse pareciar pa 'a prova successiva (e ṡe ciamae T1 per quanto reguarda el cambio tra el nuoto e 'a bici e T2 daea bici ała corsa). Inoltre dal 2000 ṡe diventà parte de i ṡzughi olimpici e in Itałia ṡe regoà da 'a Federazione Italiana Triathlon (FiTri).

L'area de tranṡision de l'Alpe D'Huez Triathlon

Storia

'E prime manifestassion de questa disciplina gà avùo luogo in Franṡa nei ani '20 del '900 (seppur co' ben altre regoamenti rispetto a queo odierno), mentre quea considerà come 'a capostipite de 'e gare ne 'i Stati Unii de ła Mèrica, ṡe gà svolto in Całifornia, nel 1974. Nel 1978 ghe fu inveṡe 'a prima gara "moderna" del triathlon, l'Ironman Kona su l'arṡipeago delle Hawaii so 'a distanṡa de 3,8km a nuoto, 180km de bici e 42,195km de corsa e fu vinta dal statunitense Gordon Haller, in poco meno de 12 ore.

Distanṡe

'E distanṡe standard ṡe:

Distanṡa	Nuoto	Ṡiclismo	Corsa
"Supersprint"	400 m	10 km	2,5 km
"Sprint"	750 m	20 km	5 km
"Olimpico"	1500 m	40 km	10 km
"Meṡo Ironman" o "Medio"	1900 m	90 km	21,097 km
"Longo"	4000 m	120 km	30 km
"Ironman"	3800 m	180 km	42,195 km

Organiṡasion

• Internation Triathlon Union (ITU), fondà nel 1989 come ente internaṡionae deo sport, ṡe a streto contatto col Comitato Olimpico, se ocupa dea World Triathlon Series par quanto riguarda e distanṡe sprint, olimpiche e longhe. Colabora, tra l'altro, 'e varie comitati naṡionai oltre a presiedere 'e federaṡioni continentai.
• World Triathlon Corporation (WTC), ṡe 'na compagnia privada piaṡà pì che altro so 'li Ironman, i 70,3 (o meṡo ironman).
• Ultra Triathlon Association (IUTA), ṡe l'organo uficiae impegnà so l'ultra-triathlon, overo 'i eventi superiori, come chilometraṡo, agli ironman.

El triathlon ṡe inoltrà incorporà ai ṡzughi olimpici dal 2000 a Sydney, su 'a distanṡa olimpinica; ghe ṡe, infine, altri ṡircuiti minori, quai il Challenge Family, Rev3 o el TriStar, altri eventi i ṡe, invece, organiṡai da squadre o grupi privai, che i ṡe associai o meno ad una federaṡion naṡionae.

Campionài mondiài de triathlon

Distanṡa Sprint (ITU)

Òmani

Anno
2010	Jonathan Brownlee	Tim Don	David Hauss
2011	Jonathan Brownlee	Javier Gómez	Alistair Brownlee
2012	Jonathan Brownlee	Javier Gómez	Vincent Luis
2013	Jonathan Brownlee	Alistair Brownlee	Javier Gómez
2014	Alistair Brownlee	Vincent Luis	Jonathan Brownlee

Dòne

Anno
2010	Lisa Nordén	Emma Moffatt	Daniela Ryf
2011	Barbara Riveros Diaz	Emma Jackson	Andrea Hewitt
2012	Lisa Nordén	Caelers Maaike	Barbara Riveros Diaz
2013	Anne Haug	Non Standford	Jodie Stimpson
2014	Gwen Jorgensen	Emma Jackson	Kirsten Sweetland

Distanṡa Olimpica (ITU)

Òmani

Anno
1989	Mark Allen	Glenn Cook	Rick Wells
1990	Greg Welch	Brad Beven	Stephen Foster
1991	Miles Stewart	Rick Wells	Mike Pigg
1992	Simon Lessing	Rainer Müller-Hörner	Rob Barel
1993	Spencer Smith	Simon Lessing	Hamish Carter
1994	Spencer Smith	Brad Beven	Ralf Eggert
1995	Simon Lessing	Brad Beven	Ralf Eggert
1996	Simon Lessing	Luc Van Lierde	Leandro Macedo
1997	Chris McCormack	Hamish Carter	Simon Lessing
1998	Simon Lessing	Paul Amey	Miles Stewart
1999	Dmitriy Gaag	Simon Lessing	Miles Stewart
2000	Olivier Marceau	Peter Robertson	Craig Walton
2001	Peter Robertson	Chris Hill	Craig Walton
2002	Iván Raña	Peter Robertson	Andrew Johns
2003	Peter Robertson	Iván Raña	Olivier Marceau
2004	Bevan Docherty	Iván Raña	Dmitriy Gaag
2005	Peter Robertson	Reto Hug	Brad Kahlefeldt
2006	Tim Don	Hamish Carter	Frédéric Belaubre
2007	Daniel Unger	Javier Gómez	Brad Kahlefeldt
2008	Javier Gómez	Bevan Docherty	Reto Hug
2009	Alistair Brownlee	Javier Gómez	Maik Petzold
2010	Javier Gómez	Steffen Justus	Brad Kahlefeldt
2011	Alistair Brownlee	Jonathan Brownlee	Javier Gómez
2012	Jonathan Brownlee	Javier Gómez	Dmitry Polyansky
2013	Javier Gómez	Jonathan Brownlee	Mario Mola
2014	Javier Gómez	Mario Mola	Jonathan Brownlee

Dòne

Anno
1989	Erin Baker	Jan Ripple	Laurie Samuelson
1990	Karen Smyers	Carol Montgomery	Joy Hansen
1991	Joanne Ritchie	Terri Smith	Michellie Jones
1992	Michellie Jones	Joanne Ritchie	Melissa Mantak
1993	Michellie Jones	Karen Smyers	Joanne Ritchie
1994	Emma Carney	Anette Pedersen	Sarah Harrow
1995	Karen Smyers	Jackie Gallagher	Joy Leutner
1996	Jackie Gallagher	Emma Carney	Carol Montgomery
1997	Emma Carney	Jackie Gallagher	Michellie Jones
1998	Joanne King	Michellie Jones	Evelyn Williamson
1999	Loretta Harrop	Jackie Gallagher	Emma Carney
2000	Nicole Hackett	Carol Montgomery	Michellie Jones
2001	Siri Lindley	Michellie Jones	Joanna Zeiger
2002	Leanda Cave	Barbara Lindquist	Michelle Dillon
2003	Emma Snowsill	Laura Bennett	Michellie Jones
2004	Sheila Taormina	Loretta Harrop	Laura Bennett
2005	Emma Snowsill	Annabel Luxford	Laura Bennett
2006	Emma Snowsill	Vanessa Fernandes	Felicity Abram
2007	Vanessa Fernandes	Emma Snowsill	Laura Bennett
2008	Helen Tucker	Sarah Haskins	Samantha Warriner
2009	Emma Snowsill	Lisa Nordén	Andrea Hewitt
2010	Emma Snowsill	Nicola Spirig	Lisa Nordén
2011	Helen Tucker	Andrea Hewitt	Sarah Groff
2012	Lisa Nordén	Anne Haug	Andrea Hewitt
2013	Non Stanford	Jodie Stimpson	Anne Haug
2014	Gwen Jorgensen	Sarah Groff	Andrea Hewitt

Distanṡa Longa (ITU)

Òmani

Anno
1994	Rob Barel	Lothar Leder	Yves Cordier
1995	Simon Lessing	Luc Van Lierde	Peter Reid
1996	Greg Welch	Luc Van Lierde	Spencer Smith
1997	Luc Van Lierde	Rob Barel	Jean-Christophe Guinchard
1998	Luc Van Lierde	Rob Barel	Peter Sandvang
1999	Peter Sandvang	Torbjørn Sindballe	Massimo Guadagni
2000	Peter Sandvang	Cyrille Neveu	François Chabaud
2001	Peter Sandvang	Rasmus Henning	Jonas Colting
2002	Cyrille Neveu	Torbjørn Sindballe	Rutger Beke
2003	Eneko Llanos	Rutger Beke	Xavier Le Floch
2004	Torbjørn Sindballe	Jonas Colting	Marino Vanhoenacker
2005	Viktor Zyemtsev	Marino Vanhoenacker	Xavier Le Floch
2006	Torbjørn Sindballe	Craig Alexander	Marino Vanhoenacker
2007	Julien Loy	Xavier Le Floch	Sébastien Berlier
2008	Julien Loy	François Chabaud	Martin Jensen
2009	Timothy O'Donnell	Sylvain Sudrie	Martin Jensen
2010	Sylvain Sudrie	Timothy O'Donnell	François Chabaud
2011	Jordan Rapp	Joe Gambles	Sylvain Sudrie
2012	Chris McCormack	Eneko Llanos	Dirk Bockel
2013	Bertrand Billard	Terenzo Bozzone	Dirk Bockel
2014	Bertrand Billard	Sylvain Sudrie	Cyril Viennot

Dòne

Anno
1994	Isabelle Mouthon-Michellys	Karen Smyers	Lydie Reuze
1995	Jenny Rose	Ute Schaefer	Ines Estedt
1996	Karen Smyers	Sophie Delemer	Suzanne Nielsen
1997	Ines Estedt	Isabelle Mouthon-Michellys	Virginia Berasategui
1998	Rina Hill	Lena Wahlqvist	Megumi Shigaki
1999	Suzanne Nielsen	Joanne King	Jasmine Haemmerle
2000	Isabelle Mouthon-Michellys	Natascha Badmann	Daniela Locarno
2001	Lisbeth Kristensen	Lena Wahlqvist	Suzanne Nielsen
2002	Ines Estedt	Kathleen Smet	Virginia Berasategui
2003	Virginia Berasategui	Ana Burgos	Sione Jongstra
2004	Tamara Kozulina	Lisbeth Kristensen	Sione Jongstra
2005	Kathleen Smet	Mirinda Carfrae	Tina Boman
2006	Bella Comerford	Edith Niederfriniger	Johanna Daumas
2007	Leanda Cave	Erika Csomor	Catriona Morrison
2008	Chrissie Wellington	Charlotte Kolters	Yvonne van Vlerken
2009	Jodie Swallow	Rebekah Keat	Delphine Pelletier
2010	Caroline Steffen	Yvonne van Vlerken	Virginia Berasategui
2011	Rachel Joyce	Leanda Cave	Meredith Kessler
2012	Caroline Steffen	Camilla Pedersen	Jodie Swallow
2013	Melissa Hauschildt	Camilla Pedersen	Rachel Mcbride
2014	Camilla Pedersen	Kaisa Lehtonen	Andrea Hewitt

Campionài Olimpici

Òmani

Evento
Sydney 2000	Simon Whitfield	Stephan Vuckovic	Jan Řehula
Atene 2004	Hamish Carter	Bevan Docherty	Sven Riederer
Pechin 2008	Jan Frodeno	Simon Whitfield	Bevan Docherty
Londra 2012	Alistair Brownlee	Javier Gómez	Jonathan Brownlee

Dòne

Evento
Sydney 2000	Brigitte McMahon	Michellie Jones	Magali Messmer
Atene 2004	Kate Allen	Loretta Harrop	Susan Williams
Pechin 2008	Emma Snowsill	Vanessa Fernandes	Emma Moffatt
Londra 2012	Nicola Spirig	Lisa Norden	Erin Densham

Campionài Mondiài WTC

Distanṡa 70.3

Òmani

Anno
2006	Craig Alexander	Simon Lessing	Richie Cunningham
2007	Andy Potts	Oscar Galíndez	Andrew Johns
2008	Terenzo Bozzone	Andreas Raelert	Richie Cunningham
2009	Michael Raelert	Daniel Fontana	Matthew Reed
2010	Michael Raelert	Filip Ospalý	Timothy O'Donnell
2011	Craig Alexander	Chris Lieto	Jeff Symonds
2012	Sebastian Kienle	Craig Alexander	Bevan Docherty
2013	Sebastian Kienle	Terenzo Bozzone	Joe Gambles
2014	Javier Gómez	Jan Frodeno	Tim Don

Dòne

Evento
2006	Samantha McGlone	Lisa Bentley	Mirinda Carfrae
2007	Mirinda Carfrae	Samantha McGlone	Leanda Cave
2008	Joanna Zeiger	Mary Beth Ellis	Becky Lavelle
2009	Julie Dibens	Mary Beth Ellis	Magali Tisseyre
2010	Jodie Swallow	Leanda Cave	Magali Tisseyre
2011	Melissa Rollison	Karin Thürig	Linsey Corbin
2012	Leanda Cave	Kelly Williamson	Heather Jackson
2013	Melissa Hauschildt	Heather Jackson	Annabel Luxford
2014	Daniela Ryf	Jodie Swallow	Heather Wurtele

Distanṡa Ironman

Òmani

Anno		Tempo		Tempo		Tempo
1978	Gordon Haller	11:46:00	John Dunbar	12:20:27	Dave Orlowski	13:59:13
1979	Tom Warren	11:15:56	John Dunbar	12:03:56	Ian Emberson	12:23:30
1980	Dave Scott	9:24:33	Chuck Neumann	10:24:41	John Howard	10:32:36
1981	John Howard	9:38:29	Tom Warren	10:04:38	Scott Tinley	10:12:47
1982 Feb	Scott Tinley	9:19:41	Dave Scott	9:53:16	Jeff Tinley	9:53:16
1982 Ott	Dave Scott	9:08:23	Jeff Tinley	9:28:28	Jeff Tinley	9:36:53
1983	Dave Scott	9:05:57	Scott Tinley	9:06:30	Mark Allen	9:21:06
1984	Dave Scott	8:54:20	Scott Tinley	9:18:45	Grant Boswell	9:23:55
1985	Scott Tinley	8:50:54	Chris Hinshaw	9:16:40	Carl Kupferschmid	9:26:32
1986	Dave Scott	8:28:37	Mark Allen	8:36:04	Scott Tinley	9:00:37
1987	Dave Scott	8:34:13	Mark Allen	8:45:19	Greg Stewart	8:58:53
1988	Scott Molina	8:31:00	Mike Pigg	8:33:11	Ken Glah	8:38:37
1989	Mark Allen	8:09:15	Dave Scott	8:10:13	Greg Welch	8:32:16
1990	Mark Allen	8:28:17	Scott Tinley	8:37:40	Pauli Kiuru	8:39:24
1991	Mark Allen	8:18:32	Greg Welch	8:24:34	Jeff Devlin	8:27:55
1992	Mark Allen	8:09:08	Cristián Bustos	8:16:29	Pauli Kiuru	8:17:29
1993	Mark Allen	8:07:45	Pauli Kiuru	8:14:27	Wolfgang Dittrich	8:20:13
1994	Greg Welch	8:20:27	Dave Scott	8:24:32	Jeff Devlin	8:31:56
1995	Mark Allen	8:20:34	Thomas Hellriegel	8:22:59	Rainer Müller-Hörner	8:25:23
1996	Luc Van Lierde	8:04:08	Thomas Hellriegel	8:06:07	Greg Welch	8:18:57
1997	Thomas Hellriegel	8:33:01	Jürgen Zäck	8:39:18	Lothar Leder	8:40:30
1998	Peter Reid	8:24:20	Luc Van Lierde	8:31:57	Lothar Leder	8:32:57
1999	Luc Van Lierde	8:17:17	Peter Reid	8:22:54	Tim DeBoom	8:25:42
2000	Peter Reid	8:21:01	Tim DeBoom	8:23:10	Normann Stadler	8:26:45
2001	Tim DeBoom	8:31:18	Cameron Brown	8:46:10	Thomas Hellriegel	8:47:40
2002	Tim DeBoom	8:29:56	Peter Reid	8:33:06	Cameron Brown	8:35:34
2003	Peter Reid	8:22:35	Rutger Beke	8:28:27	Cameron Brown	8:30:08
2004	Normann Stadler	8:33:29	Peter Reid	8:43:40	Faris Al-Sultan	8:45:14
2005	Faris Al-Sultan	8:14:17	Cameron Brown	8:19:36	Peter Reid	8:20:04
2006	Normann Stadler	8:11:58	Chris McCormack	8:13:10	Faris Al-Sultan	8:19:05
2007	Chris McCormack	8:15:34	Craig Alexander	8:19:04	Torbjørn Sindballe	8:21:30
2008	Craig Alexander	8:17:45	Eneko Llanos	8:20:50	Rutger Beke	8:21:23
2009	Craig Alexander	8:20:21	Chris Lieto	8:22:56	Andreas Raelert	8:24:32
2010	Chris McCormack	8:10:37	Andreas Raelert	8:12:17	Marino Vanhoenacker	8:13:14
2011	Craig Alexander	8:03:56	Pete Jacobs	8:09:11	Andreas Raelert	8:11:07
2012	Pete Jacobs	8:18:37	Andreas Raelert	8:23:40	Frederik van Lierde	8:24:09
2013	Frederik Van Lierde	8:12:29	Luke McKenzie	8:15:19	Sebastian Kienle	8:19:24
2014	Sebastian Kienle	8:14:18	Ben Hoffman	8:19:23	Jan Frodeno	8:20:32

Dòne

Anno		Tempo		Tempo		Tempo
1979	Lyn Lemaire	12:55:38
1980	Robin Beck	11:21:24	Eve Anderson	15:40:59
1981	Linda Sweeney	12:02:32	Sally Edwards	12:37:25	Lyn Brooks	12:42:15
1982 Feb	Kathleen McCartney	11:09:40	Julie Moss	11:10:09	Lyn Brooks, Sally Edwards	11:51:00
1982 Ott	Julie Leach	10:54:08	Jo Ann Dahlkoetter	10:58:21	Sally Edwards	11:03:00
1983	Sylviane Puntous	10:43:36	Patricia Puntous	10:49:17	Eva Ueltzen	11:01:49
1984	Sylviane Puntous	10:25:13	Patricia Puntous	10:27:28	Julie Olson	10:38:10
1985	Joanne Ernst	10:25:22	Elizabeth Bulman	10:26:55	Paula Newby-Fraser	10:31:04
1986	Paula Newby-Fraser	9:49:14	Sylviane Puntous	9:53:13	Joanne Ernst	10:00:07
1987	Erin Baker	9:35:25	Sylviane Puntous	9:36:57	Paula Newby-Fraser	9:40:37
1988	Paula Newby-Fraser	9:01:01	Erin Baker	9:12:14	Kirsten Hanssen	9:37:25
1989	Paula Newby-Fraser	9:00:56	Sylviane Puntous	9:21:55	Kirsten Hanssen	9:24:31
1990	Erin Baker	9:13:42	Paula Newby-Fraser	9:20:01	Terri Schneider	10:00:34
1991	Paula Newby-Fraser	9:07:52	Erin Baker	9:23:37	Sarah Coope	9:33:20
1992	Paula Newby-Fraser	8:55:28	Julie Anne White	9:21:40	Thea Sybesma	9:26:57
1993	Paula Newby-Fraser†	8:58:23	Erin Baker	9:08:04	Susan Latshaw	9:20:40
1994	Paula Newby-Fraser	9:20:14	Karen Smyers	9:28:08	Fernanda Keller	9:43:30
1995	Karen Smyers	9:16:46	Isabelle Mouthon-Michellys	9:25:13	Fernanda Keller	9:37:48
1996	Paula Newby-Fraser	9:06:49	Natascha Badmann	9:11:19	Karen Smyers	9:19:13
1997	Heather Fuhr	9:31:43	Lori Bowden	9:41:42	Fernanda Keller	9:50:02
1998	Natascha Badmann	9:24:16	Lori Bowden	9:27:19	Fernanda Keller	9:28:29
1999	Lori Bowden	9:13:02	Karen Smyers	9:20:40	Fernanda Keller	9:24:30
2000	Natascha Badmann	9:26:17	Lori Bowden	9:29:05	Fernanda Keller	9:31:29
2001	Natascha Badmann	9:28:37	Lori Bowden	9:32:59	Nina Kraft	9:41:01
2002	Natascha Badmann	9:07:54	Nina Kraft	9:14:24	Lori Bowden	9:22:27
2003	Lori Bowden	9:11:55	Natascha Badmann	9:17:08	Nina Kraft	9:17:16
2004	Natascha Badmann	9:50:04	Heather Fuhr	9:56:19	Kate Major	10:01:56
2005	Natascha Badmann	9:09:30	Michellie Jones	9:11:51	Kate Major	9:12:39
2006	Michellie Jones	9:18:31	Desiree Ficker	9:24:02	Lisa Bentley	9:25:18
2007	Chrissie Wellington	9:08:45	Samantha McGlone	9:14:04	Kate Major	9:19:13
2008	Chrissie Wellington	9:06:23	Yvonne van Vlerken	9:21:20	Sandra Wallenhorst	9:22:52
2009	Chrissie Wellington	8:54:02	Mirinda Carfrae	9:13:59	Virginia Berasategui	9:15:28
2010	Mirinda Carfrae	8:58:36	Caroline Steffen	9:06:00	Julie Dibens	9:10:04
2011	Chrissie Wellington	8:55:08	Mirinda Carfrae	8:57:57	Leanda Cave	9:03:29
2012	Leanda Cave	9:15:54	Caroline Steffen	9:16:58	Mirinda Carfrae	9:21:41
2013	Mirinda Carfrae	8:52:14	Rachel Joyce	8:57:28	Liz Blatchford	9:03:35
2014	Mirinda Carfrae	9:00:55	Daniela Ryf	9:02:57	Rachel Joyce	9:04:23

†Paula Newby-Fraser ìera 'na cittadina statunitense e rapresentava tae bandiera pa' 'e gare del 1993,1994 e 1996.

Varianti

• El Duathlon, articoà anch'esso so tre prove, ma soeo de do discipline: 'a sequenṡa ṡe infatti parecià da 'na prima fraṡion de corsa, una de ṡiclismo per poi infini concludare co' 'n'altra de corsa; dal 1990 e ṡe svolgṡe i mondiài de duathlon so a distanṡa classica e quea longa.
• El Winter Triathlon dove e tre speciaità e ṡe in succesion: corsa, bici (mountain bike) e sci de fondo; dal 1997 e ṡe svolgṡe i campionài mondiài.
• L'Aquathlon, che a prevede 'na sequenṡa ininterotta de corsa, nuoto, corsa; i mondiài i ṡe svolgṡe dal 1998.
• L'Xterra, 'na formuea particoae de triathon, deto anca "off road", cui 'a caratteristica ṡe quea de prevedare 'e frazioni ṡiclistiche e podistiche so percorsi sterrai e de conseguenṡa l'utiliṡo dea mountain bike al posto dea bici da strada; qui i mondiài i ṡe svolgṡe dal 1996.

Voṡi Correae

• Sport
• Xoghi Olimpici

Coeagamenti esterni

• FiTri (Federazione Italiana Triathlon)
• Comitato Regionale Veneto
• ITU (Internation Triathlon Union)
• Ironman